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Detection of Lithium
Dr. Doug Stewart
Lithium was discovered before Johan Arfvedson in 1817, during an inquiry of petalite
(LiAlSi4O10).
He found the petalite contained ¡°silica, alumina and an alkali.¡± (1)
The recent alkali metal in the petalite had lone properties.
It required more acid to neutralize it than sodium and its carbonate was only sparingly soluble in water šC unlike sodium carbonate.
The imaginative alkali differed from potassium because it did not exchange a hasty with tartaric acid.
Arfvedson tried to produce a above suspicion sample of the fashionable metal by electrolysis, but he was unsuccessful; the battery he cast-off was not effectual enough. (2)
The pure metal was secret the following year sooner than both William Brande and Humphry Davy working independently.
Davy obtained a minuscule quantity of lithium metal on electrolysis of lithium carbonate. (3)
He acclaimed the stylish component had a red flame color somewhat like strontium and produced an alkali dnouement when dissolved in water.
In days less safety-conscious than the show, Brande said of lithium, ¡°its fluid tastes acrid like the other stationary alkalies.¡± (4)
By 1855 Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen were independently producing the metal in hefty quantities by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride.
Lithium¡¯s name is derived from the Greek confab ¡®lithos¡¯ interpretation, ¡®stone.¡¯
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